VMware企业虚拟化综合实验2
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">一、实验目的</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">配置实现vSAN、vMotion、HA、FT、DRS等功能</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">二、名词解释</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">资源池：将CPU和内存资源抽象化，如双路双核2Ghz换算为CPU资源为8Ghz</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vmtools：VM增强功能，可以在主机与客户机之间传递消息，进行更进一步虚拟机状态检测</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vSAN：基于软件的分布式存储方案，也是HCI超融合架构的基础之一</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">RDM：原始设备映射，即硬件直通，可以将硬件控制器如SATA硬盘、PCI设备映射到虚拟机中</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">故障域：如有三机架，每机架两台服务器，默认情况下数据会随机分布式存放在所有主机上，当一机架故障时，两台服务器同时掉线可能会造成数据丢失，通过将三机架配置三个故障域，vSAN会确保同一份数据会在至少两个机架上存储，保证数据安全。（在标准化机房中，电源和网络都做了冗余设计，机架式故障其实难以发生，默认情况下每台esxi都是一个独立主机故障域）</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">维护模式：若要关闭并维护esxi主机，务必确保主机进入维护模式，系统会提示将虚拟机和数据撤出，防止数据丢失和服务中断</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">HA：高可用性，开启HA后，当一台esxi故障，可在另一台esxi上重启中断的虚拟机</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">FT：容错，开启FT后，会为目标虚拟机在另一台esxi上创建一个影子虚拟机，数据完全同步，当目标虚拟机所在的esxi崩溃时，影子虚拟机会实时接替工作，实现业务0停机。（实际上FT使用极少，因为限制较多，如虚拟机cpu核心数量限制、不能快照等）</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">DRS：分布式资源调度，可以根据策略动态调整各个esxi主机的负载（务必保证物理机资源充足，极端情况下可能会因为资源不足导致虚拟机频繁切换主机）</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">VxRail：戴尔出品的超融合一体机，内置VxRail套件，与之对应的是其他厂商的超融合设备，配置相对繁琐</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vMotion：虚拟机实时迁移，可以在中断业务的情况下将虚拟机从一台esxi上移动到另一台</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">传统机房三层架构：即接入汇聚核心三层，各服务器通常不处于同一vlan，无法实现虚拟机迁移</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3984d3d6751543adaf4435697ce3fc69~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=b7vrcz2CB0dssW%2FAy4MRanJTSrE%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">数据中心大二层架构：通过交换机堆叠和vxlan虚拟vlan技术，在逻辑上服务器都属于同一个vlan，虚拟机可以在其中进行迁移</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7802a0acfd5b4ce5919c501235677a1c~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=imCCvtfA0gwSzroFsztyspyF9m4%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">三、实验环境</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">环境进行简化，不进行vlan划分，不进行端口汇聚，因主机性能不足仅演示vSAN、HA、FT、DRS、vMotion等功能</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">centos7 开启内核转发、NTP、DNS IP:192.168.20.20</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vCenter vcenter.tntsec.com IP:192.168.20.40</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vSAN01 vsan01.tntsec.com IP:192.168.20.51</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vSAN02 vsan02.tntsec.com IP:192.168.20.52</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vSAN03 vsan03.tntsec.com IP:192.168.20.53</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vSAN硬盘配置为40G、100G、200G，网络都使用vmnet1,为各主机添加许可证（百度即可），配置DNS、NTP，在vsan01上安装vcenter，配置过程直接选择创建VSAN集群，100G标记为SSD缓存层，200G标记为HDD容量层</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/82abe689f6c64ab085b376e4722f40eb~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=tSwtnW6vUMbYe7xC9itJTslOvSA%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">四、部署vSAN</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">进入vCenter后，为vSAN和vcenter分配许可证</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/14e0392ed2aa409cbdb9f5a66f73ac47~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=1ufyzHL%2F2OGAbBsQ7tIurWAVj4A%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">添加另外两台esxi</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a3887343fe24465584e5bc57b0185b9d~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=gZc%2B1moHJXh7lMcUWccRjElV5Ng%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">声明磁盘（注意：左侧192.168.20.51红标提示的是内存不足）</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a3fd004c147e468699e7685c625cb60d~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=i28VL%2FwC%2FV25mbCwkYqbMtXXfLM%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/dbf6b681f2c3470d8f9d5465413c1504~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=xiKvj4HMu9J3HIuRlM45FYKPMTI%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">为vmkernel启用vSAN网络</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/87c68488257245328090f9ba62c1e826~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=aMmdT5Mp9OniDgE%2B83UUV1TL1hU%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">容量自动扩容至600G</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cad90456814940a99721f17cedd22101~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=KYklknfefxm3f8AEPEg94WCSRYk%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">为vSAN配置存储策略，默认策略为RAID1</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3b2887fc3b8040bc8cb6e973331d51ac~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=xXzjLwNFqOBdDXwwmGa5vM1RURo%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">查看容量双倍占用，vSAN运行正常</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/da147ddce79e469e9f0325a0cc87df32~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=e4cMAN1KKeiKOrMvDA%2Bv2y2dpzM%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">五、启用vMotion</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">为各个主机启用vMotion</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2e7febc13f4f4541b6c9277daa93a9b8~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=WC%2FIgwd02g5oFm2waL8BjP1rsxA%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">测试vMotion</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3a48eeb177e24f2f8600960fee1325cf~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=%2BIj1jaurrFgvMk%2BQ9iIV7CDg58s%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/15d405303a374a4386c7d82382005dd6~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=kftReMZ9Yf8E9R9DxeOlKvLlHoc%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">无停机热迁移成功，主机从192.168.20.51（即vsan01.tntsec.com，添加的时候忘了改名）迁移到vsan02.tntsec.com</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0459534023e04d14b3374275ef987371~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=O2q1b9HOhWbPFVE4OG%2FTVD4B8yY%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">六、vSAN安全性测试</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">测试vSAN安全性，直接给vsan01断电，此时vsan01服务器掉线，但迁移到vsan02上的vcenter依旧运行正常</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/26abc76f0d53488f9ff05844f8ff59d6~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=dc9kDx2S9RfXSEAUTfT7kgbN%2BNE%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">vSAN将会进行报警提示，若在策略时间内没有修复故障，一段时间后vSAN会在可用的主机上再次创建备份。</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a10668d1fc504fe7828bf2924000f783~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=z0FReM5SW8gBhb4wryYUuVOR2GE%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">启动vsan01，报警自动取消（注意：左侧vsan02上的红色叹号是提示内存不足）</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/29ee226a54924ee88d0ecfb733b1500c~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=Dz5YfK0yyBJcSOMO97yCVlt1K9E%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">七、HA</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">启用HA</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a50856335be746168482f08cd446c156~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=%2BK5Xde4F17RHBCer%2BBc3aKWe3eU%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">查看保护状态，须在客户机安装vmtools检测客户机实际工作状态（因内存不足无法创建虚拟机测试HA功能）</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2c14aa49b1ba436291884e00845b803b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=crNibitrtDxa98xGamioVNWPaO4%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">八、启用FT</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">FT要打开日志记录功能</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/648b86932ee0470899acf3decabde44b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=of3mic5xSCHMwBq6ZLpwBjLSKsA%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">启用也很简单</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a254513443749fc843c2c29c9bc38a5~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=SQyTk3YJpDYaWxR3W4SL2dWT8UA%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">但是我在虚拟机里无法再次模拟虚拟机</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/51cd475b800245af862ae96d64dac98b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=EoV6cps3hooGOVqmUXJY%2Fn3FM%2BI%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">九、启用DRS</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">启用DRS的前提是启用vMotion，vMotion是虚拟机实时迁移，DRS是根据策略使用vMotion自动实时迁移。（注意：如果策略配置的不合适，会造成虚拟机频繁迁移影响性能）</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3d763b66f6654dfeb3a4b9f4ce26b960~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=67y49AyN6DVdMbnBww0bEI0QMiQ%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/587c420b75324cb89586219719c8b824~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=wqAcTmRWRqQbQL5sBgOTaHX36ms%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">十、最后</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">因虚拟机环境和性能问题无法进行更进一步的实验，欢迎大家点评指导~</p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d4706b6fb9b423abce2f249af1efaa3~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1704566169&x-signature=ygAVm7zuiZXW3ASY9Vmlzx1%2BECE%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
页:
[1]