肺腑之言 | 秋风起,咯血多了起来,这些误区要避免!
<img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SdnXF5m295LfiR~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=GksTHa56c%2BIJVx%2F3ZcrO71x%2FfyY%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SZzli4cAOWshBe~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=XXt96OqHYjK2OpO%2FUWL3yTstdz8%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">开栏语:</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">肺主一身之气,内蕴其精,外合其气,合为呼吸。肺为“娇脏”,喜润勿燥,又易感外邪,寒热皆所不宜,故肺系病最为常见,亦为民众所困扰。肺腑之言专栏将定期推送肺系疾病的预防、治疗、调护及肺康复等科普知识,为您的“轻松呼吸每一天”保驾护航,欢迎持续关注!</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">肺腑之言 第八十二讲</strong><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SNISsjr2JLxqPk~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=d8uAc8O3D10SayGqSEQAR5bDMEU%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">说起咯血,你可能会想到林黛玉,电视剧里也经常出现这样的镜头,首先是撕心裂肺的咳咳咳,然后是手帕捂住口,慢慢的打开,一口鲜血落在手帕上的特写镜头,电视机前的我们就知道这是病入膏肓了。随着医疗水平的不断提高,咯血不再是病入膏肓的代名词。进入秋季,门诊咯血的病友也多起来,遇到咯血,各病友都会很紧张,手忙脚乱;有些憋着不要咳出血,有些就使劲咳,经常用错误的方法对待咯血。今天小肺就盘点一下咯血的那些误区。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1.经口咳出血,都是肺出血。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">错!</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">很多感冒过的病友都会有这样经历,咽喉痒、牙痛,咳咳咳,结果咳出一口血,那是肺在出血吗?不是!可能是咽喉炎、牙龈炎。也有些腹痛、饮食不规律的患者,经口“咳”出一口血,可能是消化道出血。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">因此,咳血、呕血和鼻腔出血都是从口出,很多时候需要鉴别。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">咯血一般有出血前症状,如咳嗽、咽部不适;而呕血一般有上腹部不适、恶心呕吐,常混有食物残渣。具体鉴别需要医生结合病史,进一步完善相关检验检查明确。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/Sjvb9uC2skS85Z~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=ZBPOSR9gMrsOGWz4ZN%2FZFXfR8u0%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2.发生咯血,能憋着就憋,尽量不要咳出来。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">错!</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">咯血最危险的是窒息!血已经出在气道,为保持气道通畅,避免阻塞气道发生窒息,因此需要将气道里的积血尽量咳出来。当然,咳嗽需要适度力量,拼命使劲咳嗽,也可能加重出血。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/Sjvb9vTvCVmKZ~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=g2C9ybCZucXryKhB1QXKPKTORV4%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3.咯血就一定是肺部疾患。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">错!</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">五脏六腑都令人“咯血”!</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">咯血原因很多,除了肺部疾患,如支气管扩张、结核、肺炎、肺癌、肺栓塞等;肺外因素也常见,如心血管系统的心力衰竭、血液科疾患、凝血功能异常等。具体病因,需要至医院进一步诊疗。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SjvbAKL23E8sku~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=4BW%2FVfHH4XvS4fXWiiXJnUHgupU%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4.大咯血时端坐着剧烈咳。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">错!</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">较大量咯血时,尽可能取“患侧卧位”,轻微咳嗽;出现窒息时,有条件时,可头低足高俯卧位,旁边人帮忙拍击健侧背部。同时及时至医院或者呼救。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SjvbAL3BXrBoer~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=xX97JX22zNmIFWxbdt5ISIzcRaM%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">5.咯血需要精确计量。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">对!</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">咳血量的多少和速度,直接影响着医生用药和诊疗计划,医生会反复询问,但是患者常常容易忽略,到医院医生问诊时,常常回答不了。小肺教你简单技巧。首先,咯血时注意有没有痰,还是整口都是血;有痰的咯血,一口血痰里是痰多还是血多,然后,计一天咳多少口,医生大概就知道量多少了。如果整口都是血,除了共咳多少口,最好咳在有盖的杯子里,计一整天的量。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SjvbALT5TwqcH1~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=LXnWVsZvq%2FiSoZR%2F0uQlv8o28YQ%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">天气逐渐转凉,深秋的步伐越来越近,新发咯血、反复咯血急性加重越来越多,有些咯血处理,可能会出现上述那些误区,如处理不当,有些随时可能致命,小肺建议及时至医院查找原因,及时诊疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">养生小妙招:</strong></p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SjvbAMQ2zjJorT~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=q7pSKApVPQUzc24pvhrZOqrLfOk%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">食疗名方:</strong>百合粥。出自明高濂的《遵生八笺》</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">古代做法:</strong>“生百合一升,切蜜一两,同水窨熟,投欲熟粥中,每碗用三合。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">现代做法:</strong>鲜百合30克,粳米100克,白糖适量;将鲜百合洗净分瓣,粳米淘洗干净,放入锅内,加适量清水,上火烧开,熬煮至米粥软烂后掺入白糖即成。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">功效:</strong>润肺止咳。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SNIQUYe7zclnVO~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=Pw%2FzpLwUTW46fLC3MIEiQcDWu34%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/Sc6KWPcDRZ4QME~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=DdwykRZZu41Sx%2Fh2UkKbIIadCfQ%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">医学指导:</strong>广东省中医院大德路总院呼吸与危重症医学科主任 许银姬</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•主任医师、教授、硕士生导师</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•广东省中医院大德路总院呼吸与危重症医学科 主任</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•师从国医大师晁恩祥教授</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•中国民族医药学会热病分会 副会长</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•广东省中医药学会呼吸专委会 副主委</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•广东省女医师协会呼吸与危重症专委会 副主委</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•广东省中医院青年名中医、羊城好医生、广州实力中青年医生</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">•擅长:慢阻肺、哮喘、慢性咳嗽、虚人感冒、支扩、肺间质纤维化、肺动脉高压、肺栓塞等疾病的中西医诊治和中医肺康复,以及亚健康人群的中医辩证调护</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">本期作者</strong></p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SjvbAtCHpD4ArT~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=fEvZH1uxa51BGQ%2FmowUjTCDdTIg%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">伍绍星</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">住院医师,医学硕士。广东省中医药学会委员。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">擅长:</strong>肺炎、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、支气管扩张、间质性肺病、慢性咳嗽等常见疾病、多发病中西的诊断和治疗;呼吸科危重症的诊断和治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">咳喘病慢病管理门诊</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">咳喘病慢病管理门诊位于广东省中医院大德路总院研修楼八楼,每周二至周五均有专家及专科护士团队出诊,并专设肺康复门诊,为慢阻肺、哮喘、支扩等慢病患者提供药物治疗、肺康复、饮食指导、健康宣教等全程指导及管理,为咳喘病患者的健康保驾护航。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/ROlwQn4ATOQsWa~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=EM7iImIp1gDbLoG5VAYS7LVqzLc%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">出诊安排</strong></p>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">时间</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">主任</strong><strong style="color: blue;">/</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">副主任</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">主治</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;"><strong style="color: blue;">护士</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周一下午</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">符丽</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">李咏文</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周二下午</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">蔡彦</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">符丽</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">李咏文</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周三下午</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">吴蕾</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">黄敏玲</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">李咏文</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周四上午</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">许银姬</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">(中医肺康复)</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">于旭华</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">李咏文</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周四下午</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周明娟</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">蔡俊翔</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">李咏文</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">周五上午</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">谈馨媛</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">陈远彬</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">李咏文</p>
</div>
</div><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/Sc6KXot8i57BY7~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=shiQQJlFj2YeyMHJHHYtpIcyw50%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">供稿:广东省中医院大德路总院呼吸与危重症医学科(PCCM) 伍绍星</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">医学指导:许银姬</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">执行编辑:何明坤 </p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">审核校对:庄映格</p>
<p style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 30px;">责任编辑:宋莉萍</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/SdjjX3p2oiSl1S~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1664557865&x-signature=Mq4dtcy2zWB%2FUWUoymIWSeQ9%2FD4%3D" style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
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